Oil burner



April 27, 1A948. Y E. FQ scHw'ANDER v I 2,440,491

oIL BURNER l Filed Feb. zo, 1956l IHIHHI f SWW i Q Patented Apr. 2v, 194s OIL BURNER Erwin Frdric Schwander, Reichshoffen, France, v

assigner to Societe dEtudes des Vehicules Sev,. wtechshoifen (Bas-Rhin), Francaa society of i rance e Applieatien February 20,1936, serieiNe. 64,928

In France March 21, 1935 section 3,- Publie Law 690, Auguste, 194e i Patent expires March 21, 1955 1 claim. (C1. 15a-T3) This invention relates to an oil burner, particularly for steam generators for vehicles. It is known that these burners, by reason of the relatively small dimensions of the furnace, must produce a flame which, while being as short as possible, fills, to a major extent, the generally cylindrical or cubical chamber of the furnace in such a Way as to permit a very concentrated working thereof.

In order that the flame shall not be extended too much, it is necessary that the fuel should be finely pulverised, 'and this is only possible by using a pulverisation by means of compressed air or steam or by supplying the oil under pressure.

" the burner. Ignitionis performedbyean electric sparking device placed either inside orimniedi` ately to the outside of the cup d. The electrodes against which the sparks impinge are not shown.

The operation of the burner is shown on Figs. 2 and 3 and is as follows:

The secondary air current I flows all around the cup d while the current of primary air 2 constituting to 25% of the former passes into the cup itself where it is charged with particles of fuel. The former encloses the second up to a point in front of the baiile plate f which, by reason of the different displacements of the air currents, produces an intima-te mixture thereof. The

Neither the method of realising such a pulverisashaded part of Fig. 2 shows themixing zone.

tion nor that of realising a correct proportioning Fig. 3 shows the formation of the flame itself. of the amount of fuel and air as a function of It will be noted that only in the exterior zone the conditions of combustion adopted in every of the primary air current charged with fuel there case forms the subject of the present invention is produced a combustion immediately after the which only relates to the particular construction ignition. Towards the interior of the said curof the burner so that an intimate mixture of the rent, on the contrary, the particles of fuel cannot fuel and of the air is ensured while the flame is burn owing to lack of air. They are, however, guided so as to respond to the requirements set gasied by the heat radiated by the exterior burnforth. ing envelope. In the mixture zone shown on Fig.

The attached drawing shows by way of example 2, these three constituents are mixed intimately, two embodiments of oil burners according to the that is the air in the secondary air current, the invention. flames of the burning envelope of theprimary Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the first emcurrent and the remainder of the gasified carbodiment in which the paths of the fuel and air burant. As a substantial portion of the fuel is are indicated by parallel lines; in gasiiied form, a perfect combustion is obtained Fig. '2 is a similar section of the same embodiwith a short flame. At the same time the flame ment showing the different zones of combustion; is spread out as a dovetail by thebaie plate f and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the second has a form completely filling the furnace. It will embodiment. be noted that after leaving the nozzle, no part Fig. 1 shows an axial section of the burner in 35 of liquid fuel comes into contact with metal. position relatively to the furnace of the steam As will be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the burner generator. The chamber shown in dotted lines is is not likely to heat up, since all its metallic parts the furnace chamber of which the Walls may be are cooled by air. In the Same Way, the bam@ constituted by tubular heating surfaces and plate is cooled in an effective manner so that which preferably have a transverse circular sec. 40 it can be formed of cast material without intion. convenience.

The burner is composed of the body a with an Of course, other materials could also be utilised, air inlet tube b and a combustion mouth c, At in particular metallic alloys which are resistant the centre of the body but separated from its end to heat, ceramic materials or the like. is placed a cup-like part d pierced at its base with Instead of employing a. simple baiile pla-te, one slots or apertures. The total section of these could also employ, as shown on Fig. 3, a head f1 apertures is such that 10 to 25% of the total volprovided with air ejection nozzles l. These nozzles ume of a-ir can pass therethrough. The oil nozzle supply air directly contrary to or obliquely to e, which could be of the open or closed type, opens the jet leaving the burner. The air is supplied to into the centre of the base of the cup d. Also, a the head f1 by means of a side branch in the air baliie plate f is disposed at a certain distance in inlet to the burner, as indicated in Fig. 3, dotted front of the mouth c of the body of the burner a, lines between these two figures showing the air and perpendicular to the axis of the burner. This path to the head f1. The whole of the combustion plate is supported in rany suitable way, for exair is thus divided into three currents, the secample by the construction of the generator or of 5 5 ondary current I, primary air 2 and tertiary air 3. A very favourable combustion is obtained if the tertiary current 3 is preheated.

I claime.

UNITED STATES PATENTS In an oi'lbunnenpaittibularly `fonfsteamgener: Numb?? l Name f Date I ators for vehicles comprising incomblnation a 5 13121326 Bl'dok MEYW 1929 tubular burner body receiving combustion air, am 1,921,922 H911' Allg. 8, 1933 sleeve-like member in the bcdy for dividing the '773,383 Frlfdmnn et al- 06h25, 1904 combustion air into a primary and a seconder-515 ,353,169 shlpman NOV. 23, 1335 air current, an oil nozzle and an electric ignition 1,016,919 Kunkel Jan. 30, 1912 device in seid member rand erbeare'picerdiepcsed10;; 1.4141961; Wlier'- Nov. 20, 1923 in front cf che tubular body, che eldeve-dikfmemr 1,923,422'1- DEspuiols Apr. 16, 1912 ber being e, cylindrical cupi'hevingfe-'perfdrete-d 1,491,159 Metcalfe Apr. 22, 1924 bottom turned against the air current, said tu- 1,740,296 GldeS'eG a1 DSC. 17, 1929 bular body extending beyond'tleicupminuthand-: 1.915933' Wlfer Sept. 25,V 1934 Scott Apr. 6, 1920 Scott Jan. 8, 1924 Bryan Aug. 30, 1927 the inner walls thereof being throughbubthi-xrme whole length essentially parallelzetori-,hose ;;f".the..

cup' ERWIN FREDERIC ISCHWANDEIR.

REFERENCES CITED 1,336,12151@y 1,430,015 Lemmer: 

